INTRODUCTION

17 Kathleen Sue Vera (“Plaintiff”) seeks judicial review of a final decision of the 18 Commissioner of Social Security (“Commissioner” or “Defendant”) denying her application for 19 disability benefits pursuant to the Social Security Act. The matter is currently before the Court 20 on the parties’ briefs, which were submitted, without oral argument, to Magistrate Judge Stanley 21 A. Boone.1 22 Plaintiff suffers from lumbar and cervical degenerative disc disease and headaches. For 23 the reasons set forth below, Plaintiff’s Social Security appeal shall be denied. 24

II.

25

FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

26 Plaintiff protectively filed an application for a period of disability and disability insurance 27 1 benefits on February 5, 2015. (AR 70.) Plaintiff’s application was initially denied on August 26, 2 2015, and denied upon reconsideration on October 27, 2015. (AR 72-75, 79-83.) Plaintiff 3 requested and received a hearing before Administrative Law Judge Joyce Frost-Wolf (“the 4 ALJ”). Plaintiff appeared for a hearing on July 13, 2017. (AR 29-57.) On November 17, 2017, 5 the ALJ found that Plaintiff was not disabled. (AR 10-23.) The Appeals Council denied 6 Plaintiff’s request for review on September 13, 2018. (AR 1-3.) 7 A. Hearing Testimony 8 Plaintiff appeared and testified at the July 13, 2017 hearing with the assistance of 9 counsel. (AR 35-49.) Plaintiff was born on March 5, 1965. (AR 35.) Plaintiff attended college. 10 (AR 36.) She lives in a single story home with her husband and two children, ages 22 and 17. 11 (AR 36.) They have a dog. (AR 36.) 12 The majority of Plaintiff’s work experience was with Pacific Bell or AT&T, but she also 13 worked for Veterans’ Supply. (AR 37.) Plaintiff basically did sales and customer service. (AR 14 37.) When working for Pacific Bell or AT&T, she would sit at a desk and answer calls all day. 15 (AR 37.) She worked with Quickbooks doing accounting and some filing for Veterans’ Supply. 16 (AR 37.) She was mostly sitting. (AR 38.) She did not do any heavy lifting for any of her jobs. 17 (AR 37.) 18 Plaintiff began having difficulties with her back while she was working for AT&T. (AR 19 38.) Plaintiff did go back to work because she felt better after being off work for some time. 20 (AR 38.) Her pain is starting to come back a little more. (AR 38.) 21 When she is home, Plaintiff will go swimming in the pool and will pretty much recline all 22 day. (AR 38-39.) Plaintiff has been back to work since December 1, 2016, working part-time, 23 five hours a day five days a week. (AR 39, 40.) Plaintiff is mainly seated but does get up and 24 move around during the day. (AR 40.) Her pain is not where it was but it is increasing when she 25 sits for long periods of time. (AR 39.) 26 Plaintiff is most comfortable when she is reclining. (AR 39.) When she is home, 27 Plaintiff spends much of the day reclining but she will get up to fix dinner and make lunch. (AR 1 of breaks. (AR 40.) Plaintiff can work fifteen to twenty minutes before she will need a break, 2 but that varies. (AR 41.) Plaintiff can cook for an hour because she will be moving around and 3 then she will start to get flu like symptoms from standing too long and her lower back will start 4 aching and get stiff. (AR 41.) Sitting makes her back worse and she cannot sit in one position 5 for too long. (AR 41.) Sitting causes her to have sciatic nerve in her right leg and sometimes her 6 left. (AR 42.) She needs to get up and move around. (AR 41.) 7 Plaintiff’s medications make her really tired. (AR 42.) She will be tired all day when she 8 takes her medication. (AR 42.) During the day, Plaintiff gets relief with her medications, but at 9 night her back always gets stiff and she sleeps with a heating pad every night, even when it is 10 hot. (AR 42, 46.) She cannot sleep on her stomach so she is not comfortable at night. (AR 42.) 11 Her left hip aches. (AR 42.) Night is her worse time because she is not moving around. (AR 12 42.) 13 Plaintiff has been given tramadol, muscle relaxers, and Ibuprofen to help her sleep. (AR 14 43.) She has been given way too many medications. (AR 43.) She takes her medication as 15 needed, but she takes the tramadol every night. (AR 43.) She takes Ibuprofen for the 16 inflammation. (AR 43.) Plaintiff had cut down on her medication but is increasing them again 17 since she went back to work. (AR 43.) Plaintiff’s headaches have also started to increase since 18 she went back to work. (AR 44.) Plaintiff has constant pain in her neck. (AR 44.) The pain 19 starts from her back or her neck and her neck will get really stiff. (AR 44.) She treats her back 20 and her headache pain with the same medications. (AR 44.) 21 Plaintiff is getting to the point where she is not going to be able to work. (AR 43.) She 22 noticed when she stopped working that she was getting better. (AR 43.) As soon as she started 23 sitting again on a regular basis her symptoms started getting worse. (AR 43.) Swimming helps 24 her back. (AR 44.) She likes getting into the pool and just relaxing. (AR 44.) She does not 25 really swim, she just gets in the pool and kind of floats. (AR 47-48.) Plaintiff tries to walk at 26 least fifteen minutes every day but will get stiff after a time. (AR 48.) Sometimes she walks 27 longer depending on how she feels. (AR 48.0 The physical therapist told her that it was good 1 (AR 48.) Although she went to physical therapy it did not help her. (AR 48.) She went to 2 physical therapy on and off for five years and then ended up settling her Worker’s Compensation 3 case. (AR 49.) 4 Plaintiff has had x-rays and MRI’s but most of the MRI’s have come out normal. (AR 5 45.) Dr. Schroeder took x-rays and told her that her problem is at L4, L5, and the SI joint. (AR 6 45.) That was about five or six years ago. (AR 45.) She is the only doctor who has told Plaintiff 7 what her problem is. (AR 45.) The other doctors just relied on the MRIs. (AR 46.) 8 Plaintiff cannot lift more than five pounds because it will hurt her back. (AR 46.) She 9 will get sharp pains. (AR 46.) It is very hard to bend from the waist because she is stiff. (AR 10 46.) Plaintiff cannot lift her leg so it is difficult to put her shoes on. (AR 46.) Her back is stiff a 11 lot. (AR 46.) Sometimes Plaintiff’s feet will swell. (AR 47.) She has pain in her left hip every 12 night. (AR 47.) 13 Plaintiff saw a chiropractor and the treatments helped. (AR 47.) She also uses a TENS 14 unit every other day to every three days for about fifteen minutes. (AR 47.) 15 Judith L. Najarian, a vocational expert (“VE”), also testified at the hearing. (AR 50-55.) 16 B. ALJ Findings 17 The ALJ made the following findings of fact and conclusions of law. 18 • Plaintiff meets the insured status requirements of the Social Security Act through 19 December 31, 2021. 20 • Plaintiff has not engaged in substantial gainful activity since the alleged onset date of 21 January 15, 2015. 22 • Plaintiff has the following severe impairments: lumbar and cervical degenerative disc 23 disease. 24 • Plaintiff does not have an impairment or combination of impairments that meets or 25 medically equals the severity of one of the listed impairments. 26 • Plaintiff has the residual functional capacity to perform light work as defined in 20 27 C.F.R. § 404.1567(b) except: Plaintiff can frequently climb stairs and ramps. 1 balance; and can occasionally stoop, kneel, crouch, and crawl. Plaintiff can have 2 occasional exposure to extreme cold. 3 • Plaintiff is capable of performing past relevant work as a customer service 4 representative. This work does not require the performance of work-related activities 5 precluded by Plaintiff’s residual functional capacity. 6 • Plaintiff has not been under a disability as defined in the Social Security Act from 7 January 15, 2015, through the date of this decision. 8 (AR 15-23.) 9 III. 10 LEGAL STANDARD 11 To qualify for disability insurance benefits under the Social Security Act, the claimant 12 must show that she is unable “to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any 13 medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death 14 or which has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 15 months.” 42 U.S.C. § 423(d)(1)(A). The Social Security Regulations set out a five step 16 sequential evaluation process to be used in determining if a claimant is disabled. 20 C.F.R. § 17 404.1520; Batson v. Commissioner of Social Security Administration, 359 F.3d 1190, 1194 (9th 18 Cir. 2004). The five steps in the sequential evaluation in assessing whether the claimant is 19 disabled are:

20 Step one: Is the claimant presently engaged in substantial gainful activity? If so, the claimant is not disabled. If not, proceed to step two. 21 Step two: Is the claimant’s alleged impairment sufficiently severe to limit his or 22 her ability to work? If so, proceed to step three. If not, the claimant is not disabled. 23 Step three: Does the claimant’s impairment, or combination of impairments, meet 24 or equal an impairment listed in 20 C.F.R., pt. 404, subpt. P, app. 1? If so, the claimant is disabled. If not, proceed to step four. 25 Step four: Does the claimant possess the residual functional capacity (“RFC”) to 26 perform his or her past relevant work? If so, the claimant is not disabled. If not, proceed to step five. 27 Step five: Does the claimant’s RFC, when considered with the claimant’s age, 1 exists in significant numbers in the national economy? If so, the claimant is not disabled. If not, the claimant is disabled. 2 Stout v. Commissioner, Social Sec. Admin., 454 F.3d 1050, 1052 (9th Cir. 2006). 3 Congress has provided that an individual may obtain judicial review of any final decision 4 of the Commissioner of Social Security regarding entitlement to benefits. 42 U.S.C. § 405(g). 5 In reviewing findings of fact in respect to the denial of benefits, this court “reviews the 6 Commissioner’s final decision for substantial evidence, and the Commissioner’s decision will be 7 disturbed only if it is not supported by substantial evidence or is based on legal error.” Hill v. 8 Astrue, 698 F.3d 1153, 1158 (9th Cir. 2012). “Substantial evidence” means more than a 9 scintilla, but less than a preponderance. Smolen v. Chater, 80 F.3d 1273, 1279 (9th Cir. 1996) 10 (internal quotations and citations omitted). “Substantial evidence is relevant evidence which, 11 considering the record as a whole, a reasonable person might accept as adequate to support a 12 conclusion.” Thomas v. Barnhart, 278 F.3d 947, 955 (9th Cir. 2002) (quoting Flaten v. Sec’y of 13 Health & Human Servs., 44 F.3d 1453, 1457 (9th Cir. 1995)). 14 “[A] reviewing court must consider the entire record as a whole and may not affirm 15 simply by isolating a specific quantum of supporting evidence.” Hill, 698 F.3d at 1159 (quoting 16 Robbins v. Social Security Administration, 466 F.3d 880, 882 (9th Cir. 2006). However, it is not 17 this Court’s function to second guess the ALJ’s conclusions and substitute the court’s judgment 18 for the ALJ’s. See Burch v. Barnhart, 400 F.3d 676, 679 (9th Cir. 2005) (“Where evidence is 19 susceptible to more than one rational interpretation, it is the ALJ’s conclusion that must be 20 upheld.”). 21

IV.

22

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

23 Plaintiff contends that the ALJ failed to properly consider the opinions of Dr. Richard 24 Baker who conducted an agreed upon evaluation in her Workman’s Compensation case and 25 William Foxley, her treating physician. 26 Defendant counters that the ALJ properly gave the greatest weight to the medical 27 opinions that were supported by and consistent with the record as a whole. Defendant argues 1 that the ALJ properly gave little weight to the opinion of Dr. Baker because it predated the 2 alleged disability onset date and that Plaintiff returned to work and responded well to subsequent 3 treatment after the opinion and that the ALJ properly considered that Dr. Foxley’s opinion was 4 inconsistent with the relatively benign examination findings and her improvement with 5 medication, physical therapy, and chiropractic treatment. 6 Plaintiff replies the defendant’s reliance on Garrison v. Colvin, 759 F.3d 995 1012 (9th 7 Cir. 2014) is misplaced because the case did not concern the ALJ considering the doctor’s 8 opinion regarding disability. Relying on Reddick v. Chater, 157 F.3d 715, 715 (9th Cir. 1998), 9 Plaintiff asserts that in disability benefit cases, the ALJ cannot discredit the doctor’s opinion 10 because the doctor characterizes the claimant as disabled. Plaintiff argues that if Dr. Baker’s 11 opinion is credited as true then she cannot perform her past relevant work. Further, Plaintiff 12 contends that Dr. Baker’s opinion is relevant because she is alleging a disability that resulted 13 from a gradual onset of symptomology and pain. Plaintiff contends that her disabling pain 14 persists despite her treatment and that the ALJ failed to properly consider the opinion of Dr. 15 Foxley. 16 A. Physician Opinion 17 The weight to be given to medical opinions depends upon whether the opinion is 18 proffered by a treating, examining, or non-examining professional. See Lester v. Chater, 81 F.3d 19 821, 830-831 (9th Cir. 1995). “Generally, the opinions of examining physicians are afforded 20 more weight than those of non-examining physicians, and the opinions of examining non- 21 treating physicians are afforded less weight than those of treating physicians. Orn v. Astrue, 495 22 F.3d 625, 631 (9th Cir. 2007) (citing 20 C.F.R. § 404.1527(d)(1)-(2)). “If a treating or 23 examining doctor’s opinion is contradicted by another doctor’s opinion, an ALJ may only reject 24 it by providing specific and legitimate reasons that are supported by substantial evidence.” 25 Garrison v. Colvin, 759 F.3d 995, 1012 (9th Cir. 2014) (citing 20 C.F.R. § 404.1527(d)(3)). The 26 contrary opinion of a non-examining expert is not sufficient by itself to constitute a specific, 27 legitimate reason for rejecting a treating or examining physician’s opinion, however, “it may 1 record.” Tonapetyan v. Halter, 242 F.3d 1144, 1149 (9th Cir. 2001). The ALJ need not accept 2 the opinion of any physician that is brief, conclusory, and unsupported by clinical findings. 3 Thomas, 278 F.3d at 957. 4 Here, the agency physicians and consultative examiner found that Plaintiff had more 5 functionality than was found by Drs. Foxley or Baker. Therefore, the Court must consider 6 whether the ALJ provided specific and legitimate reasons to reject the opinions of Drs. Foxley 7 and Baker. 8 1. Dr. Foxley’s Opinion 9 Plaintiff argues that the ALJ erred by rejecting the September 2015 medical source 10 statement completed by Dr. Foxley. Plaintiff contends that the ALJ erred in rejecting the opinion 11 of Dr. Foxley as inconsistent with the medical record because the treatment notes consistently 12 document abnormal gait and muscle guarding. Further, Plaintiff argues that while Plaintiff’s 13 medication was decreased she still has frequent muscle spasms and moderate to severe back 14 pain. Plaintiff also contends that the ALJ erred by finding that she generally responded well to 15 treatment because being able to function somewhat does not reasonably direct the conclusion 16 that Plaintiff can perform work on a sustained basis. Finally, Plaintiff contends that despite her 17 treatment she continues to have disabling pain. 18 The ALJ considered Dr. Foxley’s September 2015 Physical Residual Functional Capacity 19 Medical Source Statement. (AR 20, AR 433-431.) Dr. Foxley opined that due to Plaintiff’s 20 medical impairments and limitations she was unable to obtain and retain work in a competitive 21 environment eight hours a day, five days a week. (AR 20, 441.) Dr. Foxley opined that Plaintiff 22 had a number of limitations, including an inability to lift and carry more than 5 pounds 23 frequently and 10 pounds occasionally; climb steps without the use of a handrail at a reasonable 24 pace; problems with stooping, crouching, and bending; and an inability to sit, stand, or walk for 25 longer than one hour. (AR 22, 438-439.) Dr. Foxley also opined that Plaintiff would be absent 26 five days or more in a month. (AR 22, 441.) The ALJ found that Dr. Foxley’s opinion was 27 inconsistent with the record as a whole including his own examinations of Plaintiff. (AR 22, 1 well to treatment, and notably had over time, been able to reduce the amount of Tramadol that 2 she was taking, and she repeatedly reported improvement with physical and chiropractor therapy. 3 (AR 22.) 4 Plaintiff argues that she still has muscle spasms and moderate to severe back pain. 5 However, the ALJ found that Plaintiff’s allegations regarding the intensity, persistence, and 6 limiting effects of her symptoms were not credible. (AR 17-18.) Plaintiff has not raised the 7 credibility finding in the opening brief and has therefore waived any challenge to the credibility 8 findings. Ghanim v. Colvin, 763 F.3d 1154, 1165 (9th Cir. 2014). 9 Plaintiff also argues that the ALJ erred in finding that the objective medical findings did 10 not support the opined limitations because the medical record demonstrated muscle spasms and 11 muscle guarding. However, the ALJ did not find that Plaintiff had no limitations, but that the 12 limitations opined were not as limiting as opined. The ALJ found that Plaintiff could perform 13 light work, but could only frequently climb stairs and ramps, and balance; can occasionally 14 stoop, kneel, crouch, and crawl; and could never climb ladders, ropes, or scaffolds. (AR 16.) 15 Further, due to the findings that cold aggravated her symptoms, the ALJ limited Plaintiff to 16 occasional exposure to extreme cold. (AR 16.) The residual functional capacity findings need 17 not be identical to the relevant limitations but must be consistent with them. Turner v. Comm’r 18 of Soc. Sec., 613 F.3d 1217, 1223 (9th Cir. 2010). 19 Plaintiff argues that the ALJ erred by finding that she had responded well to treatment. 20 (AR 18.) However, there is substantial evidence in the medical record that Plaintiff received 21 adequate pain control from her medications. See Rollins v. Massanari, 261 F.3d 853, 856 (9th 22 Cir. 2001) (finding the ALJ properly failed to credit doctor opinion where the functional 23 limitations were undermined by a conservative course of treatment and improvement in the 24 claimant’s condition.) Dr. Foxley noted that Plaintiff did quite well after she was consistently 25 receiving her pain medication and her VAS scores were consistent with improvement of pain 26 control. (AR 444, 448, 452, 456, 460, 464, 473, 477, 481, 489, 492, 497, 500, 506.) He noted 27 that she had adequate pain reduction with pain medication, improved activities of daily living, 1 473, 477, 481, 489, 492, 497, 500, 506.) On February 25, 2016, Dr. Foxley stated in a letter that 2 review of the records indicated that Plaintiff had adequate pain control with Tramadol. (AR 3 469.) 4 In fact, several months later, sometime prior to December 8, 2015, Dr. Foxley released 5 Plaintiff to work without restrictions which is inconsistent with the limitations opined in the 6 September 2015 report. (AR 443, 447, 451, 455, 459, 463, 472, 476, 480.) A conflict between 7 the treatment notes and the provider’s opinion may constitute an adequate reason to discredit the 8 opinion. Ghanim, 763 F.3d at 1161. 9 The ALJ also considered that Plaintiff had improved to the point that on May 12, 2015, 10 the amount of Tramadol that she was taking was decreased because Plaintiff stated that she 11 believed she could get by on a lessor amount. (AR 20, 512.) 12 Finally, Plaintiff consistently reported that when she had a flare of her symptoms she 13 received pain relief from physical therapy or chiropractic treatment. (AR 20, 262, 269, 280, 420, 14 422, 423-424, 425, 554.) 15 The ALJ provided specific and legitimate reasons for the weight provided to Dr. Foxley’s 16 opinion that are supported by substantial evidence in the record. 17 2. Dr. Baker’s Opinion 18 The ALJ provided little weigh to the opinion of Dr. Baker who examined Plaintiff with 19 respect to her work related injury. (AR 19.) In October 2012 and September 2014, Dr. Baker 20 opined that Plaintiff was capable of doing her usual and customary work. (AR 19, 247, 304-317.) 21 In November 2014, Dr. Baker opined that Plaintiff was incapable of performing her usual and 22 customary work, but was capable of performing modified or alternate work with restrictions. 23 (AR 19, 251-254.) Dr. Baker opined that Plaintiff should be restricted from lifting more than 5 24 to 10 pounds, repetitive neck motions, repetitive bending/stooping or twisting of the back and 25 sitting more than 75% of the work day. (AR 254.) Dr. Baker stated that it was his opinion that 26 Plaintiff should have interruption in sitting activity at least hourly as dictated by 27 symptomatology. (AR 254.) Dr. Baker found that Plaintiff was in all reasonable medical 1 modified or alternate work with restrictions. (AR 254.) 2 The ALJ noted that whether or not the claimant was disabled was an issue reserved for 3 the Commissioner and the opinion that Plaintiff was disabled was not given any special weight, 4 and because the opinions were based on worker’s compensation standards and not Social 5 Security Standards. (AR 20.) 6 The ALJ gave little weight to Dr. Baker’s November 2014 opinion because it was prior to 7 the alleged date of disability and the subsequent medical record showed that Plaintiff had 8 improved with treatment, was more functional than alleged, and had returned to work part-time. 9 (AR 20.) Plaintiff argues that the fact that the opinion was issued prior to the alleged onset date 10 is not a specific and legitimate reason to reject it. Defendant counters that the ALJ properly gave 11 little weight to the opinions because they are prior to the alleged disability date. However, the 12 ALJ rejected the opinion not only based on when it was issued but because after the alleged 13 onset date, Plaintiff improved with treatment.2 14 As discussed above, there is substantial medical evidence in the record supporting the 15 ALJ’s finding that Plaintiff had improved with treatment. Plaintiff argues that the Dr. 16 Schroeder’s record demonstrate that any improvement was transitory. However, as discussed 17 above Dr. Foxley consistently reported contrary findings and it is for the ALJ to resolve any 18 inconsistencies in the record. Tommasetti v. Astrue, 533 F.3d 1035, 1041 (9th Cir. 2008); 19 Reddick v. Chater, 157 F.3d 715, 722 (9th Cir. 1998). Plaintiff argues for a different result based 20 on her view of the evidence, but “[w]here evidence is susceptible to more than one rational 21 interpretation, it is the ALJ’s conclusion that must be upheld.” Burch, 400 F.3d at 679. 22 Finally, Plaintiff admitted at the hearing that she had returned to work part-time, and as 23 discussed above, Dr. Foxley released her to work prior to December 2015 without restrictions. 24 The ALJ provided a specific and legitimate reason to reject the limitations opined by Dr. Baker. 25 / / / 26

27 2 Because the ALJ provided specific and legitimate reasons to reject the opinion of Dr. Baker, any other error would be harmless. Therefore, the Court shall not address Plaintiff’s other arguments. Burch, 400 F.3d at 679; Molina v. 1 V. 2 CONCLUSION AND ORDER 3 Based on the foregoing, the Court finds that the ALJ did not err in the weight provided 4 | to the opinions of Drs. Baker and Foxley. Accordingly, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that 5 | Plaintiff's appeal from the decision of the Commissioner of Social Security is DENIED. It is 6 | FURTHER ORDERED that judgment be entered in favor of Defendant Commissioner of Social 7 | Security and against Plaintiff Kathleen Sue Vera . The Clerk of the Court is directed to CLOSE 8 | this action. 9 10 IT IS SO ORDERED. DAM Le 11 | Dated: _ October 3, 2019

UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE

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