I. BACKGROUND

26 On May 5, 2019, Plaintiff, Project Sentinel, filed this action against Defendants, Meyer 27 Komar, Jeanette Komar, and Sarah Komar. (ECF No. 1.) In the Order Setting Mandatory 28 1 Scheduling Conference, entered on May 21, 2019, the Court set an initial scheduling conference 2 for September 10, 2019, at 10:00 a.m. (ECF No. 3-1.) The parties were instructed that attendance 3 at the scheduling conference was mandatory. (Id. at 2 (“Attendance at the Scheduling Conference 4 is mandatory for all parties. Parties may appear by their counsel, if represented. If a party is not 5 represented by counsel, they must appear personally at the Scheduling Conference.”).) The parties 6 were also advised: “Should counsel or a party appearing pro se fail to appear at the Mandatory 7 Scheduling Conference . . . contempt sanctions, including monetary sanctions, dismissal, default, 8 or other appropriate judgment, may be imposed and/or ordered.” (Id. at 7.) The parties were also 9 provided instructions on how to attend the scheduling conference. (Id. at 1, 2.) 10 On July 2, 2019, summons for Defendants were returned executed. (ECF Nos. 4, 5, 6.) 11 The return of service for Mr. Komar demonstrates that he was personally served with the 12 summons, complaint, and the Court’s Order Setting Mandatory Scheduling Conference. (ECF No. 13 4.) On May 8, 2019, Mr. Komar filed an answer on his own behalf, and is proceeding pro se. 14 (ECF No. 8.) 15 On September 3, 2019, Plaintiff filed a Scheduling Report. (ECF No. 10.) Plaintiff 16 represented in the Scheduling Report that its counsel has been in touch with Mr. Komar and 17 received preliminary input from him, which Plaintiff included in the Scheduling Report. (ECF 18 No. 10.) Plaintiff indicated that after this initial exchange with Mr. Komar, Plaintiff’s counsel 19 made subsequent attempts to contact Mr. Komar but that such attempts were unsuccessful. (Id.) 20 The Court held the initial scheduling conference in this case on September 10, 2019, at 21 10:00 a.m. Plaintiff appeared telephonically through its counsel, Liza Cristol-Deman. Mr. Komar 22 failed to appear for the hearing and did not file a request for a continuance or otherwise notify the 23 Court that he would not be able to appear. The Court therefore issued an order to show cause 24 requiring Mr. Komar to show cause why sanctions, up to and including entry of judgment against 25 him, should not be issued for his failure to comply with the Court’s order requiring him to appear 26 at the mandatory scheduling conference. (ECF No. 12.) 27 On September 16, 2019, Mr. Komar filed a response to the Court’s order to show cause. 28 (ECF No. 13.) In this response, Mr. Komar states: 1 I have previously informed the Project Sentinal attorney Liza-Cristal in writing 2 that my family & I have NEVER refused to rent to a person of color. We currently have person of color as a tenant in one of our rentals. 3 Any attempt by Project Sentinal to prove that we are guilty of discrimination has 4 not merit and can not be proven as there is no valid evidence supporting their charges. 5 I had informed Liza-Cristal in writing that I would not appear at any mediation 6 meeting or conference or answer any future request for information but was prepared to appear and defend my family at trial if Project Sentinal moved the 7 case to that level.

8 I did not appear at the September 10th, 2019 scheduling conference for the above stated reason that I am innocent of any and all of the Project Sentinal charges and 9 did not wish to be subjected to further harrasment. If project Sentinal plans to move their case against me to trial I will represent and defend my family at that 10 time.

11 (ECF No. 13.) 12 II. LEGAL STANDARD 13 The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure provide that the Rules are to be “construed, 14 administered, and employed by the court and the parties to secure the just, speedy, and 15 inexpensive determination of” an action. Fed. R. Civ. P. 1. To effectuate this purpose, the Rules 16 provide for sanctions against parties that fail to comply with court orders or that unnecessarily 17 multiply the proceedings. 18 Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 16(f), when a party fails to appear at a scheduling 19 or other pretrial conference, or fails to comply with a scheduling order or other pretrial order, the 20 Court may impose sanctions, including, among other things, orders “prohibiting the disobedient 21 party from supporting or opposing designated claims or defenses, or from introducing designated 22 matters into evidence”; “striking pleadings in whole or in part”; or entering “default judgment 23 against the disobedient party.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 16(f) (citing Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(b)(2)(A)(ii)-(vii)). 24 The Court also “must order the party . . . to pay the reasonable expenses—including attorney’s 25 fees—incurred because of” the failure to appear at a conference or comply with a scheduling or 26 other pretrial order. Fed. R. Civ. P. 16(f)(2); see also Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(b) (authorizing the 27 imposition of sanctions for failure to participate in and comply with discovery). 28 The Court also has inherent power to sanction parties or their attorneys for improper 1 conduct, such as the willful disobedience of the Court’s orders. See Chambers v. Nasco, Inc., 501 2 U.S. 32, 43-46 (1991) (a federal court has inherent power to impose sanctions where the litigant 3 has engaged in “bad faith or willful disobedience of a court’s order”); Roadway Express, Inc. v. 4 Piper, 447 U.S. 752, 766 (1980) (federal courts have inherent authority to impose sanctions for 5 “willful disobedience of a court order”); Fink v. Gomez, 239 F.3d 989, 991 (9th Cir. 2001) (a 6 federal court “has the inherent authority to impose sanctions for bad faith, which includes a broad 7 range of willful improper conduct”); see also Local Rule 110 (“failure of counsel or of a party to 8 comply with these Rules or any order of the Court may be grounds for imposition by the Court of 9 any and all sanctions . . . within the inherent power of the Court.”). 10 The determination of the appropriate sanction to impose for a party’s failure to comply 11 with a court order or with the federal rules is within the broad discretion of the district court. Nat'l 12 Hockey League v. Metro. Hockey Club, Inc., 427 U.S. 639, 642 (1976) (“The question, of course, 13 is not whether this Court, or whether the Court of Appeals, would as an original matter have 14 dismissed the action [as a sanction]; it is whether the District Court abused its discretion in so 15 doing.”); Transamerica Corp. v. Transamerica Bancgrowth Corp., 627 F.2d 963, 966 (9th Cir. 16 1980) (upholding as within the district court’s discretion the entry of default judgment against 17 defendant as sanction for failure to comply with court orders); Anderson v. Air W., Inc., 542 F.2d 18 1090, 1093 (9th Cir. 1976) (same). 19 III. ANALYSIS 20 In his response, Mr. Komar admits that he failed to comply with the Court’s order 21 requiring him to appear at the mandatory scheduling conference, and that his only reason for this 22 failure to appear is his proclamation that he is innocent of the claims brought against him and that 23 he told Plaintiff’s attorney that he would not appear or participate in this proceeding, except for at 24 a trial. (ECF No. 13.) Mr. Komar’s purported innocence of the claims against him does not 25 excuse him from complying with this Court’s orders, nor does it excuse Mr. Komar from 26 complying with or being subject to the applicable Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and the Local 27 Rules. Mr. Komar has failed to provide an adequate justification for his failure to appear at the 28 scheduling conference, and to the contrary has admitted that his failure to appear was willful. 1 Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 16(f), Mr. Komar is subject to sanctions for failing 2 to appear at the scheduling conference. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 16(f). Further, the Court has the 3 inherent power to sanction Mr. Komar for his willful failure to appear at the scheduling 4 conference in violation of this Court’s order. 5 After considering the particular circumstances at issue here, the Court will enter a 6 scheduling order that is based on the dates proposed by Plaintiff. 7 After deliberation, the Court declines to impose sanctions against Mr. Komar at this time. 8 Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 16(f), the Court is required, with some exceptions that are 9 not applicable here, to impose a sanction of costs and fees incurred as a result of a party’s failure 10 to appear at a scheduling conference. However, it appears that Plaintiff would have incurred the 11 same costs and fees whether or not Mr. Komar appeared at the scheduling conference. The Court 12 is scheduling the case base on input from Plaintiff, and that schedule was not delayed due to 13 Defendant’s failure to participate in the conference. The case is proceeding in an efficient 14 manner despite Defendant’s failure to appear. The Court therefore finds that that a sanction of 15 costs and fees for Mr. Komar’s failure to appear is not warranted at this time. 16 That said, this is a troubling beginning to this case. Mr. Komar has already demonstrated 17 an unwillingness to follow Court orders and abide by his legal obligations in this case. His 18 reasons for failing to do so are without merit. 19 The Court reminds Mr. Komar of his duty to comply with all Court orders, his duty to 20 appear at all conferences and hearings, and his duty to comply with all applicable federal and 21 local rules. The Court cautions Mr. Komar that while the Court is being flexible about his failure 22 to appear at the scheduling conference in violation of the Court’s order, and is declining to 23 impose sanctions on Mr. Komar for this violation, any future violations of Court orders, failures 24 to appear at court hearings or conferences, or failures to comply with the Court’s procedures and 25 the federal and local rules, will be met with less tolerance and could result in the imposition of 26 sanctions, including the entry of judgment against Mr. Komar and in favor of Plaintiff. 27 \\\ 28 \\\ 1 IT IS ORDERED that the Order to Show Cause (ECF No. 12) is DISCHARGED. 2 3 IT IS SO ORDERED. 4 Dated: _ October 9, 2019 [sf hey 5 UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28