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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

8 9 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 FAYEDA ABDULLAH ALAWI, et al., Case No. 1:20-cv-00608-NONE-SAB 11 Plaintiffs, ORDER GRANTING PETITION AND 12 APPOINTING FAYEDA ABDULLAH v. ALAWI AS GUARDIAN AD LITEM FOR 13 PLAINTIFF G.S.A.A.

U.S. CITIZENSHIP AND IMMIGRATION

14 SERVICES (USCIS), et al., (ECF Nos. 10, 11) 15 Defendants.

16 17 On April 8, 2020, Plaintiffs filed this action seeking declaratory relief, injunctive relief, 18 and a writ of mandamus, pertaining to claims of violations of immigration law. (ECF Nos. 1, 2.) 19 On June 25, 2020, the Court continued the mandatory scheduling conference and ordered that a 20 petition for the appointment of a guardian ad litem for Plaintiff G.S.A.A. be filed. (ECF No. 21 10.)1 On June 30, 2020, Plaintiff Fayeda Abdullah Alawi (“Fayeda”) filed a petition to be 22 appointed guardian of her minor child G.S.A.A. pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 17. 23 (ECF No. 11.) 24 Pursuant to Rule 17 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, a representative of a minor 25 or an incompetent person may sue or defend on the incompetent person’s behalf. Fed. R. Civ. P. 26 17(c)(1). If the minor or incompetent person “does not have a duly appointed representative,” 27 1 While the Court’s previous order used the acronym G.S.A.S., the petition uses the acronym G.S.A.A., and the 1 they “may sue by a next friend or by a guardian ad litem.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 17(c)(2). “The court 2 must appoint a guardian ad litem—or issue another appropriate order—to protect a minor or 3 incompetent person who is unrepresented in the action.” Id. This requires the Court to take 4 whatever measures it deems appropriate to protect the interests of the individual during the 5 litigation. United States v. 30.64 Acres of Land, More or Less, Situated in Klickitat Cty., State 6 of Wash., 795 F.2d 796, 805 (9th Cir. 1986). The appointment of the guardian ad litem is more 7 than a mere formality. Id. “A guardian ad litem is authorized to act on behalf of his ward and 8 may make all appropriate decisions in the course of specific litigation.” Id. A guardian ad litem 9 need not possess any special qualifications, but he must “be truly dedicated to the best interests 10 of the person on whose behalf he seeks to litigate.” AT&T Mobility, LLC v. Yeager, 143 11 F.Supp.3d 1042, 9 (E.D. Cal. 2015). This means that the guardian ad litem cannot face an 12 impermissible conflict of interest with the ward and courts consider the candidate’s “experience, 13 objectivity, and expertise” or previous relationship with the ward. Id. (citations omitted). 14 “[W]hen a parent brings an action on behalf of a child, and it is evident that the interests 15 of each are the same, no need exists for someone other than the parent to represent the child’s 16 interests under Rule 17(c).” Gonzalez v. Reno, 86 F.Supp.2d 1167, 1185 (S.D. Fla.), aff’d sub 17 nom. Gonzalez v. Reno, 212 F.3d 1338 (11th Cir. 2000). While a parent is generally appointed 18 as a guardian ad litem, there are situations where the best interests of the minor and the interests 19 of the parent conflict. Anthem Life Ins. Co. v. Olguin, No. 1:06-CV-01165 AWINEW, 2007 20 WL 1390672, at *2 (E.D. Cal. May 9, 2007). Therefore, a parent is not entitled as a matter of 21 right to act as guardian ad litem for the child. Id., at *2. 22 The Court has reviewed the petition of Plaintiff Fayeda for appointment as guardian ad 23 litem, and the supporting sworn declaration in support of the petition. (ECF No. 11 at 1-6.) 24 Fayeda is the biological mother and petitioner for the I-130 before this Court for G.S.A.A. (Id. at 25 2.) Fayeda has retained counsel and filed this action to aid her and G.S.A.A. in resolving an 26 alleged wrongful revocation of Fayeda’s citizenship and wrongful delay in adjudicating 27 G.S.A.A.’s I-130 petition, which is delaying G.S.A.A.’s ability to come to the United States. (Id. wOOe 4:6 IN MVE ee POO I er AY VI

1 | death, Fayeda has sought to take G.S.A.A. out of the warzone in Yemen by filing the I-130 2 | petition on G.S.A.A.’s behalf. (Id.) Fayeda argues her and G.S.A.A.’s interests are not in 3 | conflict, but identical, as Fayeda complains of a wrongful revocation of her certificate of 4 | naturalization which has impacted and delayed the interrelated processing of G.S.A.A.’s I-130 5 | petition. (Id.; Decl. Fayeda Abdullah Alawi (““Fayeda Decl.”) § 3, ECF No. 11 at 5-6.) 6 Fayeda declares that at the age of 15, her ex-husband took G.S.A.A. and divorced Fayeda 7 | when G.S.A.A. was one week old, and that in Yemen, the father automatically remains the legal 8 | guardian after a divorce. (Fayeda Decl. {| 5-6.) Fayeda declares that after she was informed that 9 | her ex-husband was murdered and is now deceased, she filed the I-130 petition on behalf of her 10 | daughter G.S.A.A., because all of her family is in the United States, and states her ex-husband 11 | does not have family in Yemen. (Fayeda Decl. §] 7.) Fayeda states G.S.A.A. is stranded in a 12 | warzone with no one to take care of her. (d.) 13 While Fayeda has not been the legal guardian of G.S.A.A. under the laws of Yemen, 14 | where G.S.A.A. resides, the Court finds that based on the facts presented in the petition and 15 | supporting declaration, Fayeda’s interests are aligned with G.S.A.A.’s for the purposes of this 16 | litigation, and does not find any apparent conflict of interest that would preclude Fayeda from 17 | acting as guardian ad litem in this action. 18 Accordingly, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that Plaintiff Fayeda Abdullah Alawi is 19 | appointed guardian ad litem for minor Plaintiff G.S.A.A. 20 IT IS SO ORDERED. OF. ee 22 | Dated: _ July 1, 2020_ Of 33 UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE

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