American Video Duplicating Inc. v. Citigroup Inc.

I. INTRODUCTION

18 Before the Court are (1) Defendant Citibank, N.A.’s (“Citibank”) Motion to 19 Dismiss (“Citibank’s Motion”) the First Amended Complaint (“FAC”), and (2) a joint 20 Motion to Dismiss the FAC (“Joint Motion”) filed by Defendants U.S. Bank National 21 Association; JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.; Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.; Bank of America, 22 N.A.; Live Oak Banking Company; and Harvest Small Business Finance (collectively, 23 “Defendants”). (Citibank’s Mot., ECF No. 83; Joint Mot., ECF No. 117.) For the 24 following reasons, the Court GRANTS Defendants’ motions to dismiss the FAC with 25 leave to amend.2 26 27 1 For purposes of this Order, references to “Defendants” include Citibank unless otherwise noted. 28 2 After carefully considering the papers filed in connection with both Motions, the Court deemed the matters appropriate for decision without oral argument. Fed. R. Civ. P. 78; C.D. Cal. L.R. 7-15. II. BACKGROUND Plaintiffs American Video Duplicating, Inc. (“AVD”), Tush Law, Ltd. (“TLL”), 3 and Kenneth M. Hahn dba Cal State Financial (“CSF”) (collectively, “Plaintiffs”) 4 provide consulting, legal, accounting and tax…