(PC) Mundy v. Sacramento County Jail Medical Staff

DISCUSSION

18 “A preliminary injunction is an extraordinary remedy never awarded as of right.” Winter v. 19 Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc., 555 U.S. 7, 24 (2008) (citation omitted). “A plaintiff seeking a 20 preliminary injunction must establish that he is likely to succeed on the merits, that he is likely to 21 suffer irreparable harm in the absence of preliminary relief, that the balance of equities tips in his 22 favor, and that an injunction is in the public interest.” Id. at 20 (citations omitted). An injunction may 23 only be awarded upon a clear showing that the plaintiff is entitled to relief. Id. at 22 (citation omitted). 24 Federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction and in considering a request for preliminary 25 injunctive relief, the Court is bound by the requirement that as a preliminary matter, it have before it 26 an actual case or controversy. City of L.A. v. Lyons, 461 U.S. 95, 102 (1983); Valley Forge Christian 27 Coll. v. Ams. United for Separation of Church & State, Inc., 454 U.S. 464, 471 (1982). If the Court 28 does not have an actual case or controversy before it, it has no power to hear the matter in question. Id. Requests for prospective relief…