Evans

background in its order granting plaintiff’s unopposed motion for 27 preliminary approval of the class action settlement. (See Order Granting Preliminary Approval at 2-3.) Accordingly, the court 28 will refrain from doing so again. 1 which the Court first determines whether a proposed class action 2 settlement deserves preliminary approval and then, after notice 3 is given to class members, whether final approval is warranted.” 4 Nat’l Rural Telecomms. Coop. v. DIRECTV, Inc., 221 F.R.D. 523, 5 525 (C.D. Cal. 2004) (citing Manual for Complex Litig. (Third), 6 § 30.41 (1995)). This court satisfied step one by granting 7 plaintiff’s unopposed motion for preliminary approval of class 8 action settlement on July 29, 2022. (Docket No. 101.) Now, 9 following notice to the class members, the court will consider 10 whether final approval is merited by evaluating: (1) the 11 treatment of this litigation as a class action and (2) the terms 12 of the settlement. See Diaz v. Tr. Territory of Pac. Islands, 13 876 F.2d 1401, 1408 (9th Cir. 1989). 14 A. Class Certification 15 A class action will be certified only if it meets Rule 16 23(a)’s four…