(PS)Chavez

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 RUDOLFO CHAVEZ, No. 2:24-cv-0808 DAD DB PS 12 Plaintiff, 13 v. ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE 14 LEAH CHAVEZ,

15 Defendant. 16 17 Defendant, Leah Chavez, is proceeding in this action pro se. This matter was referred to 18 the undersigned in accordance with Local Rule 302(c)(21) and 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1). On March 19 15, 2024, defendant commenced this action by filing a notice of removal of an action from the 20 San Joaquin County Superior Court and by paying the applicable filing fee. (ECF No. 1.) The 21 notice of removal asserts that this court has federal question jurisdiction over this action. (Id. at 22 2.) 23 Jurisdiction is a threshold inquiry that must precede the adjudication of any case before 24 the district court. Morongo Band of Mission Indians v. Cal. State Bd. of Equalization, 858 F.2d 25 1376, 1380 (9th Cir. 1988). Federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction and may adjudicate 26 only those cases authorized by federal law. Kokkonen v.…