1 2 3 4 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 5 NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 6

ANTHONY OLIVER,

7 Case No. 20-cv-01734-DMR (PR) Plaintiff, 8 ORDER OF TRANSFER v. 9 LARRY A. PELUSO, et al., 10 Defendants. 11

12 I. INTRODUCTION 13 Plaintiff, who is currently incarcerated at Wilcox State Prison in Abbeville, Georgia, filed 14 this pro se civil rights complaint under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Plaintiff has filed an application to 15 proceed in forma pauperis. Dkt. 9. Petitioner has also consented to magistrate judge jurisdiction 16 in this action. Dkt. 7. 17 Plaintiff claims that the instant action “arises under various state law claims for violations 18 of defamation of character, intentional tort, and California Business and Profession[s] Code [§] 19 17200 et seq., and other state law claims.” Dkt. 1 at 1. He further claims that “[j]urisdiction is 20 conferred pursuant to 28 U.S.C. [§] 1332 because the amount in controversy exceeds $75,000.” 21 Id. He also alleges that “[v]enue is proper under 28 U.S.C. [§] 1391 because at least one of the 22 defendant[s’] principal place of business is in this judicial district.” Id. at 2. He adds that 23 “[v]enue is also proper because a substantial part of the events or omissions giving rise to these 24 claims occurred in this judicial district.” Id. 25 For the reasons explained below, the court orders that this action shall be transferred to the 26 United States District Court for the Southern District of Georgia. 27 II. BACKGROUND 1 He claims to be a citizen of Georgia, who was residing in Chatham County, Georgia prior to his 2 incarceration. Id. at 2. Plaintiff lists two named defendants in this action—Larry A. Peluso and 3 Joseph R. Bolton—as well as “Does 1-10.” Id. at 1. Plaintiff claims that Defendant Peluso is a 4 “licensed California attorney” and a resident of the State of Nevada.1 Id. at 2. Plaintiff claims that 5 Defendant Bolton is a resident of the State of Michigan. Id. 6 On or around July 10, 2018, Plaintiff contacted Defendant Peluso “concerning a proposed 7 class action lawsuit that [Defendant] Peluso filed in the [this district] [en]titled Villasenor v. Lyft, 8 Inc., [for] which [Defendant] Peluso indicated he would represent thousands of Lyft drivers 9 pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. Rule 23.” Id. at 3. Defendant Peluso “asked Plaintiff, who was 10 attending law school in Georgia, . . . to serve as his assistant since Plaintiff was knowledgeable of 11 the law, and Plaintiff served as a senior Lyft driver.” Id. Plaintiff then “flew to San Francisco to 12 meet [Defendant Peluso], and together they “recruited over 400 Lyft driver[s] from the San 13 Francisco Platform.” Id. Plaintiff spoke with Defendant Bolton “about serving as a class plaintiff 14 in Villasenor.” Id. Plaintiff “later informed [Defendant] Peluso that Villasenor could not proceed 15 due to an arbitration claims in the employment agreement between Lyft Drivers and Lyft.” Id. 16 Therefore, Plaintiff alleges that “[Defendant] Peluso had no choice by to dismiss the action 17 leaving [Lyft] driver[s’] only recourse to file for individual arbitration.” Id. 18 Thereafter, Plaintiff claims he returned to Georgia to finish law school, but he continued to 19 “stay[] in contact with [Defendants] Peluso and Bolton.” Id. Plaintiff notes that Defendant Bolton 20 “continued to drive for Lyft as a driver in Michigan.” Id. 21 Around October 12, 2018, Defendant Bolton “asked Plaintiff to assist [Defendant] Bolton 22 with filing an arbitration brief to recover damages from Lyft.” Id. at 4. Plaintiff agreed and 23 prepared the arbitration brief. Id. In return, Defendant Bolton “sent Plaintiff a money order in the 24 amount of $225.00 payable to Plaintiff along with his bank records.” Id. 25 Over the next several months, Plaintiff “completed the arbitration brief and instructed 26

27 1 According to the State Bar of California website, the attorney licensee profile of “Larry 1 [Defendant] Bolton to file it with the American Arbitration Association (“AAA”), all of which 2 [Defendant] Bolton did.” Id. 3 On February 2, 2019, Plaintiff filed his formal notice to run for mayor of Savannah, 4 Georgia. Id. Plaintiff claims that Defendant Bolton “was already aware [that] Plaintiff was 5 running for mayor.” Id. 6 On March 17, 2019, Defendant Bolton “called several police and sheriffs’ departments 7 stating that Plaintiff stole money from [Defendant] Bolton to pay for Plaintiff’s campaign.” Id. 8 Also on March 17, 2019, Defendant Bolton “emailed Defendant Peluso at his office in San 9 Francisco making a barrage of false statements that [Defendant] Bolton knew was false.” Id. at 5. 10 Specifically, Defendant Bolton “informed [Defendant] Peluso [that] Plaintiff has been collecting 11 campaign money from [Defendant] Bolton using ‘stolen information’ that Plaintiff took or 12 removed from [Defendant] Peluso’s law firm in San Francisco.” Id. 13 On March 18, 2019, Defendants “contacted the State Bar of Georgia and spoke to General 14 Counsel Paula Frederick (“Frederick”) . . . [and told her] that Plaintiff was telling Lyft drivers that 15 Plaintiff ‘is the Director of the Georgia State Bar.’” Id. at 6. Plaintiff claims that Defendants 16 “knew and had reason to know these statements were false, but [they] made them anyway.” Id. 17 Frederick informed Defendants that the State Bar of Georgia “ha[d] no jurisdiction over law 18 school students.” Id. 19 Furthermore, “without any evidence in hand, [Defendant] Bolton contacted [the] City of 20 Savannah city hall employees to reiterate his false story [of] Plaintiff taking money from people.” 21 Id. Defendant Bolton was “informed to call Investigator Jonathan Puhala (“Inv. Puhala”) at the 22 Chatham County District Attorney’s Office as Plaintiff was being investigated for [unrelated] 23 allegations of violating a restraining order.” Id. Defendant Bolton called Inv. Puhala and 24 “informed him of the false allegations . . . [and] sent Inv. Puhala a cell phone picture of [the] 25 money order.” Id. Defendant Bolton was asked to file a police report, but he refused. Id. 26 On April 4, 2019, a warrant was issued for Plaintiff for an unrelated charge of aggravated 27 stalking, and he turned himself in. Id. 1 During the bond hearing for the aggravated stalking charge, Inv. Puhala informed the judge that 2 Plaintiff was under investigation for “theft by deception and misuse of campaign contributions and 3 that a victim ([Defendant] Bolton) provided evidence as such.” Id. Plaintiff was then denied 4 bond. Id. 5 On May 14, 2019, “detectives and investigators” presumably from Savannah-Chatham 6 County law enforcement, issued a search warrant on Plaintiff’s home and seized his property, 7 including “flash drives, computers, police-issued body cam, a GoPro camera and several files,” 8 which were later destroyed by the Chatham County District Attorney’s Office because Plaintiff 9 was held without bond and unable to pick-up his property. Id. at 7-8. Plaintiff’s aforementioned 10 property was “forensically examined” and a report was generated, which “turned up no traces of 11 Plaintiff embezzling campaign funds.” Id. at 7. 12 Plaintiff claims it was “determined by investigators that the money order mailed to 13 Plaintiff was actually intended to be mailed to Mr. Anthony Weed (correct last name), who is a 14 director at the American Arbitration Association.” Id. 15 Plaintiff claims that “[a]s a direct result of the actions of each defendant, Plaintiff’s 16 reputation has been tarnished in the community.” Id. at 8. Further, Plaintiff “lost all of his 17 personal property taken in [the] search warrant, his 2019 Jeep Cherokee [was] repossessed, and all 18 of [his] personable belongings in his home [was] destroyed.” Id. Plaintiff also claims that he “lost 19 over $250,000 in filed that contained consumer and court ordered judgements from the Superior 20 Court of California.” Id. 21 Inv. Puhala later informed Plaintiff that “no charges could or would be filed” against him. 22 Id. 23 Plaintiff claims that “[w]hen investigators determined that [Defendants] Peluso and Bolton 24 lied, [Defendant] Peluso quickly left town to [move to] Nevada [and] [Defendant] Bolton 25 disconnected his phone number.” Id. 26 Plaintiff has filed the instant action, alleging the following causes of action: (1) defamation 27 of character; (2) Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress; and (3) a violation of California

III. DISCUSSION

1 Venue generally is proper in a judicial district in which: (1) any defendant resides, if all 2 defendants are residents of the state in which the district is located; (2) a substantial part of the 3 events or omissions giving rise to the claim occurred, or a substantial part of property that is the 4 subject of the action is situated; or (3) any defendant is subject to the court’s personal jurisdiction, 5 if there is no district in which the action may otherwise be brought. 28 U.S.C. § 1391(b). 6 Venue may be raised by the court sua sponte where the defendant has not yet filed a 7 responsive pleading and the time for doing so has not run. Costlow v. Weeks, 790 F.2d 1486, 1488 8 (9th Cir. 1986). 9 Where an alternative forum with greater relation to the defendant or the action exists than 10 the forum in which the action was filed, 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a) allows transfer of a case from one 11 federal district court to another “[f]or the convenience of parties and witnesses, in the interest of 12 justice.” Section 1404(a) serves as a statutory substitute for forum non conveniens in federal court 13 when the alternative forum is within the territory of the United States. See Monegro v. Rosa, 211 14 F.3d 509, 512-13 (9th Cir. 2000). 15 Here, a majority of the acts complained of occurred and the resulting injury took place in 16 Chatham County, which is located in the Southern District of Georgia. Thus, because the 17 alternative forum of the Southern District of Georgia has a greater relation to the action, then the 18 court may transfer the instant action from this district court to the Southern District of Georgia 19 “[f]or the convenience of parties and witnesses, in the interest of justice.” See 28 U.S.C. 20 § 1404(a). 21 It also appears that the court lacks personal jurisdiction over Defendants. Federal courts do 22 not have nationwide jurisdiction. Rather, their personal jurisdiction only extends as far as that of 23 the local state courts. Omni Capital Int’l v. Rudolph Wolff & Co., Ltd., 484 U.S. 97, 104-05 24 (1987); Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(k)(1)(A). In California, the personal jurisdiction of the state courts 25 extends as far as is permitted under the United States Constitution. Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 410.10; 26 Rocke v. Canadian Auto. Sport Club, 660 F.2d 395, 398 (9th Cir. 1981). Generally, the Due 27 Process Clause requires that a defendant be domiciled in a state or have minimum contacts with 1 the state related to cause of action brought by the plaintiff before a court of that state can exercise 2 personal jurisdiction over the defendant. See International Shoe Co. v. Washington, 326 U.S. 310, 3 316 (1945) (minimum contacts); Milliken v. Meyer, 311 U.S. 457, 462-63 (1940) (domicile). 4 Here, Defendant Peluso maybe a licensed attorney in California, but he now resides in Nevada, 5 and Defendant Bolton resides in the Michigan. And, as mentioned, the alleged conduct giving rise 6 to Plaintiff’s claims against these Defendants occurred mostly within the State of Georgia. 7 Therefore, Plaintiff has not alleged sufficient facts establishing that this court has personal 8 jurisdiction over Defendants. 9 Accordingly, in the interest of justice and pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a), this action is 10 TRANSFERRED to the United States District Court for the Southern District of Georgia.2 11 IV. CONCLUSION 12 For the reasons outlined above, the court orders as follows: 13 1. This action is TRANSFERRED to the United States District Court for the Southern 14 District of Georgia. The Clerk shall transfer the case forthwith. 15 2. All pending motions are TERMINATED on this court’s docket as no longer 16 pending in this district. 17 IT IS SO ORDERED. 18 Dated: October 19, 2020 19 ______________________________________

DONNA M. RYU

20 United States Magistrate Judge 21 22 23 24 25 26 27