I. FACTUAL BACKGROUND

27 1 Henderson. Complaint ¶ 5.1. Defendant sponsored both Plaintiff and her mother as immigrants to 2 the United States, and on October 22, 2018, Defendant signed a Form I-864 that listed Plaintiff as 3 a beneficiary. Id. Plaintiff alleges that Defendant subsequently left Plaintiff and her mother 4 “without means of subsistence.” Id. Plaintiff acknowledges that her mother raised this issue in 5 Santa Clara County Superior Court, but states that “because Plaintiff is not Defendant’s biological 6 daughter the Court dismissed that action for lack of jurisdiction. Id. ¶ 5.3. 7 II. DISCUSSION 8 A. Subject Matter Jurisdiction 9 A sponsored immigrant to bring an “action to enforce an affidavit of support … against the 10 sponsor in any appropriate court.” 28 U.S.C. § 1183a(e). Accordingly, this Court has jurisdiction 11 to hear such a claim because it arises under the laws of the United States. See 28 U.S.C. § 1331; 12 see also Courtade v. Pappalardo, No. 14-cv-01594-JCS, 2014 WL 6450040, at *4 (N.D. Cal. Nov. 14, 2014). 13 B. Failure to State a Claim 14 When signing the Form I-864 affidavit, the sponsor agrees to provide support to maintain 15 the sponsored alien at an annual income level that is not less than 125 percent of the Federal 16 poverty line during the period in which the affidavit is enforceable. See 8 U.S.C. 17 § 1183a(a)(1)(A); see also Courtade, 2014 WL 6450040, at *4. Although the Complaint alleges 18 that Defendant “left Plaintiff and her mother without means of subsistence” and that “Plaintiff 19 depends 100% on her mother’s earnings which is not enough to cover day-to-day expenses and 20 extracurricular activities” (Complaint ¶¶ 5.1, 5.2), it fails to state a claim because it does not allege 21 that Plaintiff was unable to maintain her income at the specified threshold. See Courtade, 2014 22 WL 6450040, at *4. 23 C. Res Judicata 24 Defendant argues that the Complaint also should be dismissed because the relief sought is 25 barred by the Rooker Feldman doctrine, in that the claim asserted in this case is “inextricably 26 intertwined” with an issue resolved by the state court in the dissolution proceedings between 27 Defendant and Plaintiff’s mother. Dkt. 12 at 4-5. The Court takes judicial notice of the order of 1 the Santa Clara County Superior Court dated April 15, 2021 at Dkt. 12-2 because court records are 2 || properly the subject of judicial notice. See Fed. R. Evid. 201; Roca v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., 3 No. 15-cv-02147-KAW, 2015 WL 5698749, at *4 (N.D. Cal. Sep. 29, 2015). That order 4 || addressed Defendant’s obligations under the I-864 affidavit toward Plaintiff and her mother. Dkt. 5 12-2 at 3,5. 6 Where, as here, Defendant has provided evidence that the issue regarding support under 7 the I-864 affidavit was previously litigated, the action may be dismissed under the doctrine of res g || judicata. See Yaguil y. Lee, No. 2:14-cv-0010-JAM-DAD, 2014 WL 1400959, at *2 (E.D. Cal. g || Apr. 10, 2014). Accordingly, the Court dismisses the Complaint on this ground. In light of this 19 || tuling, the Court need not address Defendant’s Rooker-Feldman argument. Wl. CONCLUSION

= 12 For the reasons discussed above, the motion to dismiss is GRANTED. Plaintiff has not E 13 requested leave to amend. However, if Plaintiff has a reasonable, good faith belief that res 14 judicata does not apply, the Court will grant her one final opportunity to amend the Complaint. 5 15 The deadline to file an amended complaint is February 4, 2022. To allow time for mailing, the 16 Court will wait until February 18, 2022 before taking action. If an amended complaint is not 5 received by the Court by February 18, 2022, this case will be dismissed with prejudice on 5 18 that date. 19 The Court informs Plaintiff that the Pro Se Help Desk at the San Jose Courthouse provides free 0 information and limited-scope legal advice to pro se litigants in federal civil cases. As of January 4, 2022, the Pro Se Help Desk can be reached at hsong @asianlawalliance.org or by calling (408) 297- 09 1480. In addition, the Court offers a pro se handbook free of charge; a copy may be downloaded from 3 https://cand.uscourts.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Pro_Se Handbook _2020ed_links_12- A 2021_MBB.pdf

SO ORDERED.

6 Dated: December 27, 2021

28 United States Magistrate Judge