Roe
Roe v. City and County of San Francisco
Opinion
Trial Court Opinion
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 6 JANE ROE, et al., Case No. 24-cv-01562-JST
Plaintiffs,
ORDER GRANTING LEAVE FOR
v. PLAINTIFFS TO PROCEED UNDER
PSEUDONYMS
CITY AND COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCO, Re: ECF No. 19 11 Defendant.
12 Before the Court is Plaintiffs’ unopposed motion seeking leave to proceed under pseudonyms. ECF No. 19. The Court will grant the motion. “The normal presumption in litigation is that parties must use their real names.” Doe v. Kamehameha Schs./Bernice Pauahi Bishop Est., 596 F.3d 1036, 1042 (9th Cir. 2010). Parties may proceed pseudonymously only “when nondisclosure of the party’s identity ‘is necessary to … to protect a person from harassment, injury, ridicule or personal embarrassment.” Does I Thru XXIII v. Advanced Textile Corp., 214 F.3d 1058, 1067–68 (9th Cir. 2000) (ellipses in original) (quoting United States v. Doe, 655 F.2d 920. 922 n.1 (9th Cir. 1981)). Threats of physical harm “present[] the paradigmatic case…