1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 HOWARD APPEL, et al., Case No.: 3:18-cv-873-BAS-AHG

12 Plaintiffs,

ORDER GRANTING IN PART AND

13 v. DENYING IN PART JOINT MOTION

FOR ADDITIONAL AND LIMITED

14 BOSTON NATIONAL TITLE

WRITTEN DISCOVERY

AGENCY, LLC,

15 Defendant. [ECF No. 113] 16

17

18

19

20

21 Before the Court is the parties’ Joint Motion and Stipulation for Additional and 22 Limited Written Discovery. ECF No. 113. The parties each request to propound 25 23 additional interrogatories, 25 additional requests for admission, and 25 additional requests 24 for production. Id. 25 A party may serve on any other party no more than 25 written interrogatories and 25 26 requests for admission. Fed. R. Civ. P. 33(a)(1); CivLR 36.1(a). However, “parties may 27 stipulate that . . . other procedures governing or limiting discovery be modified.” FED. R. 28 1 CIV. P. 29(b). Rule 29 was revised “to give greater opportunity for litigants to agree upon 2 modifications to the procedures governing discovery or to limitations upon discovery. . . . 3 [such as] when more depositions or interrogatories are needed than allowed under the[] 4 rules . . . they can, by agreeing to the additional discovery, eliminate the need for a special 5 motion addressed to the court.” FED. R. CIV. P. 29 advisory committee’s notes to 1993 6 amendments. “Under the revised rule, the litigants ordinarily are not required to obtain the 7 court’s approval of these stipulations. By order or local rule, the court can, however, direct 8 that its approval be obtained for particular types of stipulations.” Id. Here, the Civil Local 9 Rules for the Southern District of California require that any party desiring to serve 10 additional interrogatories or requests for admission over the 25 originally permitted “must 11 submit to the court a written motion setting forth the proposed additional interrogatories 12 [and requests for admission] and the reasons establishing good cause for their use.” CivLR 13 33.1(a); CivLR 36.1(a). 14 “Good cause” is a non-rigorous standard that has been construed broadly across 15 procedural and statutory contexts. Ahanchian v. Xenon Pictures, Inc., 624 F.3d 1253, 1259 16 (9th Cir. 2010). The good cause standard focuses on the diligence of the party seeking to 17 amend the scheduling order and the reasons for seeking modification. Johnson v. Mammoth 18 Recreations, Inc., 975 F.2d 604, 609 (9th Cir. 1992) (“[T]he focus of the inquiry is upon 19 the moving party’s reasons for seeking modification. . . . If that party was not diligent, the 20 inquiry should end.”) (internal citation omitted). 21 Here, the parties have represented to the Court that Defendant has already served all 22 of its allowable interrogatories and requests for admission, and Plaintiffs have already 23 served a significant portion of their allowable interrogatories and requests for admission. 24 ECF No. 113 at 3. Given that Plaintiffs’ third amended complaint raises additional claims 25 which were not contemplated in previous discovery, the parties agreed to each side serving 26 another round of written discovery, including 25 interrogatories and 25 requests for 27 admission. Id. at 4. 28 1 Upon a review of the docket, the Court finds that the parties’ request is excessive. 2 Though the parties represent that their request is meant “to also limit the volume of 3 additional discovery at this stage of the case” and “will facilitate the remaining discovery 4 on the new issues without burdening the Parties or the Court with excessive discovery,” 5 the Court does not find that 25 additional interrogatories and 25 additional requests for 6 admission are warranted. ECF No. 113 at 4. The parties provided no demonstration of 7 diligence, or other reasoning beyond the additional claims in the third amended complaint, 8 for the Court to find good cause.2 Upon a thorough review of the record, the instant joint 9 motion, the new causes of action in the third amended complaint, and the order granting in 10 11 1 In their original complaint, Plaintiffs’ alleged the following causes of action: breach of fiduciary duty, negligence, and accounting. ECF No. 1. Discovery proceeded, including a 12 multitude of discovery disputes, for approximately 9 months, from August 8, 2018 to at 13 least May 17, 2019. ECF Nos. 14, 22, 39, 60, 72, 74, 75, 78. Discovery was then put on hold while the parties litigated Defendant’s motions to dismiss Plaintiffs’ amended 14 complaints. See ECF No. 72 (On May 17, 2019, “the Court grants the parties leave to re- 15 open discovery pertaining only to the new claims in Plaintiffs’ amended complaint”); ECF No. 73 (first amended complaint); ECF No. 77 (motion to dismiss first amended 16 complaint); ECF No. 84 (second amended complaint); ECF No. 87 (motion to dismiss 17 second amended complaint); ECF No. 99 (third amended complaint); ECF No. 101 (motion to dismiss third amended complaint); ECF No. 106 (order granting in part Defendant’s 18 motion to dismiss); ECF No. 108 (answer); ECF No. 110 (third amended scheduling order). 19 In Plaintiffs’ operative, third amended complaint, they incorporated six additional allegations, including: violation of California’s unfair competition law, fraudulent 20 concealment, fraudulent misrepresentation, negligent misrepresentation, violation of 21 California’s false advertising law, and conversion. ECF No. 99. However, many of these new causes of action were significantly limited by the Court’s order granting in part 22 Defendant’s motion to dismiss. See ECF No. 106 at 7–16. After holding a status conference 23 with the parties (ECF No. 109), and based on the representations of counsel, the Court issued its operative amended scheduling order, which provided a maximum of three 24 additional months to conduct discovery pertaining to the new claims in Plaintiffs’ amended 25 complaint that survived Defendant’s motion to dismiss. ECF No. 110 at 2. 26 2 Further, by failing to provide text of the desired additional discovery requests, the parties’ 27 joint motion failed to comply with this district’s local rules, which require that the parties “submit to the court a written motion setting forth the proposed additional interrogatories 28 1 || part Defendant’s motion to dismiss, the Court hereby finds that propounding 10 additional 2 ||interrogatories and 10 additional requests for admission is appropriate. The Court also 3 ||reminds the parties of their duty to supplement. See FED. R. Civ. P. 26(e)(1) (“A party who 4 ||has made a disclosure under Rule 26(a)—or who has responded to an interrogatory, request 5 ||for production, or request for admission—must supplement or correct its disclosure or 6 || response [] in a timely manner if the party learns that in some material respect the disclosure 7 || or response is incomplete or incorrect ...”). 8 Thus, the Court GRANTS IN PART and DENIES IN PART the parties’ joint 9 || motion (ECF No. 113). Each side (Plaintiffs, collectively on one side, and Defendant, on 10 || the other side) may serve an additional round of written discovery comprised of up to 11 total of 10 interrogatories, 10 requests for admission, and 25 requests for 12 || production.’ 13 14 IT IS SO ORDERED. 15 || Dated: July 28, 2020 16 _ Awan. Honorable Allison H. Goddard 17 United States Magistrate Judge 18 19 20 21 22 23 4 || land requests for admission] and the reasons establishing good cause for their use.” CivLR 33.1(a) (emphasis added); CivLR 36.1(a). 25 5 > Though the parties acknowledge that the Federal Rules and Local Rules do not limit the © || number of requests for production propounded, pursuant to the parties’ stipulation, the 27 parties’ joint motion and proposed order both seek an order from the Court limiting each 28 side to 25 requests for production. ECF No. 113 at 3-4; Email to Chambers (July 24, 2020 at 12:09 p.m.).