Mendoza

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 ALI ALEJANDRO MENDOZA, Case No.: 15cv1528 JAH (BGS)

Plaintiff,

PRELIMINARY RULINGS, FINDINGS

v. OF FACT AND CONCLUSION OF

LAW

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Defendant. 16 17 INTRODUCTION Plaintiff, Ali Alejandro Mendoza (“Plaintiff” or “Mendoza”), filed a complaint against the United States of America, the City of National City, Immigration and Customs Enforcement (“ICE”) agent Thomas Malandris, Officer Benjamin Peck, and Officer Michael Nuttall for negligence, violations of California Civil Code §§52, 52.1 (“the Bane Act”), and four federal civil rights claims, pursuant to 42 U.S.C §§ 1983, 1985(2),(3), 1986, and Bivens v. Six Unknown Agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, 403 US 388. See Doc. No. 127. After granting a joint motion to strike the Bivens claim from the Third Amended Complaint (“TAC”) and a motion to sever the negligence claim, Plaintiff proceeded to…